為什麼維他命B缺乏是常見的？有什麼症狀?

維他命B缺乏是常見的，主要是因為它是一種水溶性維他命，不能在人體內積存⁽¹⁾。這意味著我們需要每天通過飲食攝取足夠的維他命B，而且缺乏的飲食或生活方式可能會導致缺乏⁽²⁾。

此外，某些人群更容易缺乏維他命B，例如：

- *素食者*：因為維他命B主要存在於動物產品中⁽³⁾。

- *飲酒過度者*：酒精會影響維他命B的吸收和利用。

- *懷孕和哺乳期婦女*：需求量增加。

- *年長增長*：吸收效率降低。

- *食物加工及食物基因改造*：食物內營養含量改變或降低。

你有沒有注意到自己是否有缺乏維他命B的跡象呢？


以下是維生素B1（硫胺素）的主要功能及缺乏時可能產生的影響：

1. 能量代謝

   • 檸檬酸循環 Citric Acid Cycle：幫助生成能量分子ATP。

   • 碳水化合物代謝：協助將葡萄糖轉化為能量。

2. 神經遞質合成

   • 參與乙酰膽鹼(Acetylcholine)的合成，維持神經訊號傳遞。

3. 神經系統功能

   • 髓鞘(Myelin Sheath)維護與形成：保護神經纖維的絕緣層，確保訊號傳遞正常。

   • 神經遞質功能：調節大腦活動，維持健康的神經系統。

4. 抗氧化特性

   • 保護細胞免受氧化壓力，減少自由基引起的損害。

5. 細胞生長與發展

   • 參與DNA複製和細胞分裂過程，促進組織修復與新生。

6. 免疫系統支持

   • 維持免疫細胞健康，幫助預防感染。

7. 心血管健康

   • 提供心肌所需能量，促進心臟功能正常運作。

8. 消化健康

   • 幫助胃酸(鹽酸，HCL)的生成，促進消化過程。

缺乏B1(硫胺素)可能導致疲勞、記憶力下降、神經功能障礙（如腳氣病或韋尼克－科爾薩科夫症候群）、心臟問題及免疫力降低等症狀

長期維生素 B1(硫胺素)缺乏造成柏金遜及多種腦部疾病成因之一，氧化壓力可增加腦細胞的氧化壓力，導致能量生成受損及毒性副產物的累積。氧化壓力會損害細胞組分，引發神經炎症，進一步造成神經功能障礙及神經元死亡。

Why is vitamin B deficiency common? What are the symptoms?

Vitamin B deficiency is common, primarily because it is a water-soluble vitamin that cannot be stored in the body⁽¹⁾. This means we need to consume enough vitamin B daily through our diet, and inadequate dietary intake or certain lifestyle factors may lead to deficiencies⁽²⁾.

Additionally, certain groups are more prone to vitamin B deficiency, including:

• Vegetarians: Since vitamin B is primarily found in animal products⁽³⁾.

• Excessive alcohol consumers: Alcohol interferes with the absorption and utilization of vitamin B.

• Pregnant and breastfeeding women: Due to increased nutritional demands.

• Older adults: Absorption efficiency decreases with age.

• Processed and genetically modified foods: Nutritional content may be altered or reduced.

Have you noticed any signs of vitamin B deficiency in yourself? Below are the primary functions of vitamin B1 (thiamine) and the potential effects of its deficiency:

Thiamine involve in below functions, Thiamine deficiency affects

1. the energy metabolism :
   Citric Acid Cycle - generating energy rich molecules ATP
   Carbohydrate metabolism - helps convert glucose for energy production
   

2. the neuronal-transmitter synthesis:
   synthesis of Acetylchroline
   

3. nervous system function:
   Myelin Sheath maintenance and formation
   Neurotransmitter Function - regulating brain activity & maintain healthy health system
   

4. antioxidant properties:
   protect cells from oxidative stress and counteract oxidative damage
   

5. cellular growth and development:
   involve in DNA replication and cellular division
   

6. immune system support:
   the health of immune cells and avoid infection
   

7. cardiovascular health:
   energy supply to the heart muscle
   

8. digestive health:
   contributing HCL production in stomach

A long-term deficiency of vitamin B1 (thiamine) is one of the contributing factors to Parkinson's disease and various brain disorders. Oxidative stress can increase oxidative damage to brain cells, leading to impaired energy production and the accumulation of toxic byproducts. Oxidative stress damages cellular components, triggers neuroinflammation, and further results in neurological dysfunction and neuronal death.

神經損傷
氧化壓力
維生素 B1（硫胺素）缺乏可增加腦細胞的氧化壓力，導致能量生成受損及毒性副產物的累積。氧化壓力會損害細胞組分，引發神經炎症，進一步造成神經功能障礙及神經元死亡。

穀氨酸興奮性毒性
穀氨酸是一種在大腦中參與興奮性信號傳遞的神經遞質。硫胺素缺乏可能導致大腦中穀氨酸的過量累積，從而引發興奮性毒性。這一過程會因穀氨酸過多而對神經元造成損害及死亡。